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2020年度


16000807-001 

△Japanese Thought and Religion 2-1
Japanese Thought and Religion 2-1
2単位/Unit  秋学期/Fall  京田辺/Kyotanabe  講義/Lecture

  IGNACIO ARISTIMUNO

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This course is conducted entirely in English and is offered to students who have a minimum English language proficiency. Language requirements are indicated below, however, submission of proof of your score is not required at the time of registration. Recommended English language requirement: TOEFL ITP score of 500 or equivalent (TOEFL iBT 61,TOEIC 630, IELTS 5, or CASEC 660).Note: This course will be conducted in a small class size. Students are expected to participate actively in classroom activities (discussions, presentations).

<概要/Course Content Summary>

This academic course introduces the World of Buddhism to Japanese and foreign students of Doshisha University. Especially,it focuses on the main teachings, philosophical values,history, culture,and practices. By doing specific activities, writing assignments and oral presentations, students increase their knowledge and the meaning of what has been learnt from their interactions and shared experiences. Comparisons between Japan and the Buddhist world (including the Western world) will be held. Also,an intellectual exchange with a member of a Buddhist temple and one (1) study-tour to a historical Buddhist site located inside or around Kyoto City are planned to strengthen final debates and discussions as well as to help the formation of group-research projects for final evaluation. The course is structured in three sessions, each one of five weeks. The first two sessions (10 weeks) are defined as 'Knowledge-based Learning'. Through the themes studied an understanding of the Buddhist doctrine, branches and schools, rituals, pilgrimage, social contribution and modern approaches are pursued to increase self-endurance and sensitiveness toward life and all living things. Each class ends with a 10 minutes video documentary related to the theme presented to deepen knowledge. The last session (5 weeks) focuses on the 'Practicum' for experiential and skill-based learning where student’s participation and contribution are expected. In this session the students are not only introduced to the development of techniques for research capability and information management, but to enhance communicative skills and cross cultural competence. For this course an enthusiastic participation and positive attitude are required, where learning takes place in an interactive and culturally diverse context. The lectures are held in English and it is desirable for those students who apply to have a language proficiency level as indicated above. 

Photo: Visiting Todai-ji temple in Nara and learning about the main characteristics of Japan's first Buddhist schools.

<到達目標/Goals,Aims>

1. To introduce the World of Buddhism, its main teachings, philosophical values,history, culture, and practices, while developing global cultural competence and a deeper understanding of Japan. 
 
2. To develop initiatives and group-research projects where debates and discussions can enhance communicative skills and cross cultural capabilities.  
 
3. To implement teaching strategies based on the Constructive Learning Theory (CLT) and the development of a divergent thinking. 
 

<授業計画/Schedule>

(実施回/
Week)
(内容/
Contents)
(授業時間外の学習/
Assignments)
(実施回/ Week) Week 1.  (内容/ Contents) SESSION I (5 weeks: Lessons 1-4): RELIGION, BUDDHIST TEACHINGS, AND BRANCHES.  
 
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE: 
Explanation of attainment objectives and grading assessment. 
Introduction to the study of religion. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 2.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 1: RELIGION: EASTERN AND WESTERN. 
Concepts and Ideas. 
History and Comparisons. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 3.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 2: ORIGINS OF BUDDHISM. 
Backgrounds, and India in the Time of Buddha. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 4.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 3: BUDDHIST TEACHINGS. 
The Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and other Teachings. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 5.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 4: BUDDHIST BRANCHES. 
Expansion and Diversity.  
 
RESEARCH PROJECT ASSIGNMENT: 
The learning process is done by individual study activities and experiencing group interaction. This class is centered on the confirmation of group members and individual roles of students. The groups are formed by them and not by the professor, and each group designates a leader, and editor, and a spokesperson. The groups are interconnected in the way that each one develops its own specific contents but in concordance with what other groups are doing for the whole study. Communication is important and special attention is placed on the process. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 6.  (内容/ Contents) SESSION II (5 weeks: Lessons 5-8): BUDDHISM IN ASIA AND THE WORLD.  
 
LESSON 5: BUDDHISM IN CHINA. 
Origins, and the Foundations of New Schools. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 7.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 6: BUDDHISM IN JAPAN. 
Introduction, adaptation, and Development. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 8.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 7: BUDDHISM IN THE WORLD. 
Different Contexts, New Approaches. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 9.  (内容/ Contents) LESSON 8: ELEMENTS OF PRACTICE AND COMPASSION. 
Ritual, Prayer, Meditation, and Pilgrimage.  
Acceptance, Vegetarianism, and Accompaniment in Death. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 10.  (内容/ Contents) REVIEW OF THE CONTENTS STUDIED, DEBATE AND SEMINAR DISCUSSION, AND MIDDLE-TERM TEST. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 11.  (内容/ Contents) SESSION III (5 weeks): THE PRACTICUM.  
 
RESEARCH PRACTICE: GUIDANCE AND SUPPORT. 
This class is dedicated to group-research activities, consultation and support from the teacher. Assignments are supervised and guidance is given for writing. The students most work together, consult the library and other information resources before this class. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 12.  (内容/ Contents) STUDY-TOUR TO A CULTURAL INSTITUTION AND/OR PRACTICE. Tentatively to be held on December 5th, 2020 (Saturday 8:00 am - 1:00 pm). 
A Study-tour provides a great opportunity to learn and to build a shared understanding around specific topics. It is an opportunity for socialization and experiential learning. Tentatively, the tour will be held in Kyoto City. Starting at 8:00 am in front of the underground ticket vending machines of Kitaoji subway station (Karasuma line; 10 min. from Imadegawa station and Doshisha's Imadegawa campus). Visiting:  
(a) Daisen-in temple (for Zen meditation).  
(b) Koto-in temple. 
(c) Zuiho-in temple.  
(d) Tea time at Imamiya shrine (optional).  
 
The study-tour ends at 1:00 pm. It has been estimated an amount less than 3.000 yens/person for transportation, Zen practice session and entrance fee to the temples. 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
 
(実施回/ Week) Week 13.  (内容/ Contents) SUBMISSION OF A FIRST VERSION OF THE FINAL RESEARCH REPORT OF THE ENTIRE CLASS. 
 
ORAL PRESENTATION, DEBATE, SUMMARY, AND CONCLUSION. 
Speech presentation will be held by each group (10-15 min.). Debate will be carried out under the Task-Directed Discussion (5-10 min.). Summary, conclusion and recommendations will be held by the professor. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
(実施回/ Week) Week 14.  (内容/ Contents) RESEARCH PRACTICE: GUIDANCE AND SUPPORT. 
This class is dedicated to group-research activities, consultation and support from the teacher. Assignments are supervised and guidance is given for writing. The students most work together, consult the library and other information resources before this class. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) - To prepare materials and study for next class. 
(実施回/ Week) Week 15.  (内容/ Contents) THE WHOLE-CLASS RESEARCH REPORT SUBMISSION, AND IN-CLASS FINAL EVALUATION. 
Final observations and recommendation. 
 
 
(授業時間外の学習/ Assignments) Applications for daily life.  

<成績評価基準/Evaluation Criteria>

Weekly evaluation (attendance).   15%  Attendance to class based on the active participation of the student, involvement in group challenges and collaboration under the evaluation process. 
Seminar participation, discussion and contribution to the class.   10%  A contribution that students have to make by proposing ideas, comment, opinions or keeping a mere conversation on the topics studies.  
Middle-term test.  40%  Individual Evaluation: To evaluate the understanding of contents covered in class. Also, based on how the student expresses ideas subject to evaluation. There is one (1) middle-term test during the semester which will be held at the end of the second session of the course (on the 10th week). The middle-term test has 40% of total evaluation.  
Group oral presentation.   15%  Group Evaluation: This is the student's group-research oral presentation that will be held on the 13th week. 
Whole-class research report submission.   15%  Whole-class Evaluation: This is the submission of the group-research report on the 13th week. After a review and recommendation made by the professor, the whole-class research report (all groups included) will be finally submitted on the 15th week (last day of class). The report is a single document elaborated by the entire class. This is the final stage of the Practicum where the students have more than 10 weeks to complete this assignment. 
Study-tour.  5%  The study-tour will be carried out on the 12th week. Tentatively, it will be held on December 5th, 2020 (Saturday 8:00 am - 1:00 pm).  

<テキスト/Textbook>

There is no textbook. 
Documents and materials for study are in English and prepared by the professor. 

<参考文献/Reference Book>

(1) Gethin, Rupert , The Foundations of Buddhism ,  First edition .   (Oxford University Press., 1998 ) ,  333 pages .  ISBN:978-0-19-289223-2  In this introduction to the foundations of Buddhism, the author, Rupert Gethin, concentrates on the ideas and practices which constitute the common heritage of the different traditions of Buddhism (Thervada, Tibetan, and Eastern) which exist in the world today. From the narrative of the story of the Buddha, through discussions of aspects such as textual traditions, the framework of the Four Noble Truths, the interaction between the monastic and lay ways of life, the cosmology of karma and rebirth, and the path of the bodhisattva, this books provides a stimulating introduction to Buddhism as a religion and way of life, which will also be of interest to those who are more familiar with the subject.  
 

 

(2) Charles S. Prebish and Damien Keown , Introducing Buddhism ,  Second edition .   (Routledge, 2010) ,  322 pages .  Introducing Buddhism is the ideal resource for all students beginning the study of this fascinating religious tradition. It explains the religion’s key teachings and traces its historical development and geographical spread of from its foundations up to present day. Charles S. Prebish and Damien Keown, two of today’s leading Buddhist scholars, devote a chapter each to the major regions where Buddhism has flourished - India, South-east Asia, East Asia and Tibet. In addition, contemporary concerns are discussed, including important and relevant topics such as Engaged Buddhism, Buddhist Ethics, Buddhism and the Western World and Meditation.  

 

(3) Heinz Bechert and Richard Gombrich (editors) , The World of Buddhism ,  First edition .   (Thames and Hudson , 1984) ,  308 pages .  ISBN:0-500-27628-5  This is a rare combination of authoritative scholarship, readability and beautiful presentation. The book is lavishly illustrated with color photos of Buddhist sculpture, historic sites, paintings and much more. But this is really only the beginning of this book's merits, for the most attractive feature of the book is probably its ability to give the reader the best available "big picture" of Buddhism - in all its fantastic variety - in such a condensed and attractive format. The book might be a little out-dated, much great scholarship has been done since the book was published some 23 years ago, but this isn't something anyone but a specialist should be terribly worried about - and even for that group the book stills remains very valuable. This is a fantastic place to "start" one's studies of Buddhism - and that's really what's at issue with a book of this type. The further reading that this volume will almost undoubtedly provoke will fill in the gaps and render more complex the picture this book provides.  

 

(4) Edward Conze , Buddhism :  A Short History ,  First edition .   (Oneworld, 1980) ,  141 pages .  ISBN:978-1-85168-568-4  In this authoritative guide, one of the world's most distinguished scholars of Buddhism provides a compact summary of the tradition's development, from the time of the Buddha to the 20th century exile of the Dalai Lama. With skill, sympathy, and insight, Conze traces 2,500 years of Buddhist history, providing a lively explanation of the origins of Buddhism and its most basic doctrines. Covering all the Buddhist schools from Mahayana to Zen, this comprehensive, concise study is widely acknowledged as the classic introduction to the history of the Buddhist tradition, perfect for students and interested readers alike.  

 

(5) Bradley K. Hawkins , The Pocket Idiot's Guide to Buddhism ,  First edition .   (Alpha Books, 2003) ,  200 pages .  ISBN:0-02-864459-X  The Pocket Idiot’s Guide to Buddhism reveals the essence of Buddhist thought from its inception in the Far East to its growing devotees in the West. This guide present a detailed explanation of: (1) The life of Siddhartha—better known as the Buddha—the founder of Buddhism, (2) The basic Buddhist belief system, including the Three Marks of Existence, the Four Noble Truths, and the Eightfold Path, (3) Fully explained concepts such as Zen, karma, dharma, and sutras, (4) The history of the various Buddhist sects and their important influence. 

 

 

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