＜概要/Course Content Summary＞
This course explores different ethnic groups in Japan in a historical, political and sociological context in order to debunk the myth of Japanese ethnic homogeneity and monoculturalism. After defining core concepts such as ethnicity, the nation-state and identity, we will focus on discourses that frame “Japaneseness” and critically assess self-images of Japan in a historical and sociological context. After outlining Japan’s multi-ethnic society, we will further address historical backgrounds, current political and social problems concerning Japanese abroad, the “other” in Japan, ethnic minorities and foreign residents, including issues of gender and ethnicity, such as female migration or war crimes against women. In the following sessions, groups of students will present on some of the ethnic groups of the centre and peripheries of the Japanese archipelago.
＜到達目標/Goals,Aims＞
The purpose of this class is to get a better understanding of the ethnic minorities and the foreign population of Japan. By the end of this course, students will have a firm grasp of the historical background and social problems of indigenous ethnic groups and foreign residents as well as the Japanese political rhetoric concerning them.
＜授業計画/Schedule＞
（実施回/
Week）
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（内容/
Contents）
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（授業時間外の学習/
Assignments）
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（実施回/ Week）
1
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（内容/ Contents）
Course introduction, assignments, self-introduction of members, determination of presentation schedule and basic rules/terms
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
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（実施回/ Week）
2
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（内容/ Contents）
KEY CONCEPTS
Ethnicity, race, nation, gender.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
Key concepts in Meer (2014) and Ansell (2013).
Submit summary and prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
3
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（内容/ Contents）
SELF-IMAGES OF JAPAN/NIHONJINRON
Ideas of “Japaneseness” in class, culture, ethnicity.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
• “The contemporary discourse of Japaneseness” in: Lie (2004).
•“The nature of the beast” in: Befu.
(.Oguma, Eiji (2002) A Genealogy of Japanese Self-Images. Trans Pacific Press.)
Submit summary and prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
4
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（内容/ Contents）
OUTLINE OF JAPAN'S MULTI-ETHNIC SOCIETY
Basic knowledge, data, statistics on ethnic groups, oldcomers, newcomers, immigration, emigration etc.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
•“’Japaneseness’, ethnicity, and minority groups” in: Sugimoto.
Submit summary and prepare for discussion in class
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（実施回/ Week）
5
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（内容/ Contents）
LINKING KEY CONCEPTS and ETHNICITY IN JAPAN
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
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（実施回/ Week）
6
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（内容/ Contents）
BEING "OTHER" IN JAPAN
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
•“’Mixed-blood’ Japanese” in: Weiner (1997).
Submit summary and prepare for discussion in class
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（実施回/ Week）
7
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（内容/ Contents）
JAPANESE ABROAD
Japanese diaspora, Kikokushijo.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
•“The kikokushijo: negotiating boundaries within and without” in: Tsuneyoshi/Okano/Boocock.
Submit summary and prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
8
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（内容/ Contents）
FOREIGN RESIDENTS IN JAPAN: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PROBLEMS
Foreign (illegal) workers in Japan, dekasegi, Tokyo Olympics and foreign labour, labour at nuclear power plants.
Watch “Sour Strawberries”.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
•“The second opening of Japan” in: Lie (2004).
Submit summary and prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
9
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（内容/ Contents）
RACISM/DISCRIMINATION IN JAPAN
Current issues of racism/discrimination.
Watch“The crybaby boxing club”.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
•“From foreign fetishization to fear in the Japanese media” in: Arudou (2016).
Submit summary and prepare for class discussion. Find information (e.g. newspaper articles, blogs etc.) in the context of racism/discrimination
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（実施回/ Week）
10
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（内容/ Contents）
GENDER AND ETHNICITY IN JAPAN
Sex-workers, entertainers, international marriage, sexual violence in the context of ethnicity, feminization of migration.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
“Moving from Modernization to Globalization: Migrant Sex Workers in Japan” . In: Ochiai/Aoyama (2013).
Submit summary and prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
11
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（内容/ Contents）
THE RYUKYUANS
Group presentation, discussion.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
Prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
12
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（内容/ Contents）
THE AINU
Group presentation, discussion.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
Prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
13
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（内容/ Contents）
BURAKUMIN
Group presentation, discussion.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
Prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
14
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（内容/ Contents）
KOREANS IN JAPAN
Group presentation, discussion.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
Prepare for class discussion
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（実施回/ Week）
15
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（内容/ Contents）
JAPAN'S MULTI-ETHNIC SOCIETY
Final discussion on the contents, questions, critique, evaluation.
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（授業時間外の学習/ Assignments）
Final assignment: Write a short report on one topic of this class (e.g. your own presentation)
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Subject to changes and/or revisions. Additional readings will be assigned in class.
Readings will be provided on schoology.
＜成績評価基準/Evaluation Criteria＞
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Attendance and Participation
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20%
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Attendance and active participation in class is required and encouraged. An attendance record lower than 80% will result in final grade F.
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Weekly Assignments
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40%
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Short presentation(s)/summaries of required readings.
In order to be able to actively participate in discussions in class, you are required to come prepared (readings and assignments). You will be required to hand in a short summary of the required readings every week.
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Presentation(s) (week 11-14)/Final paper
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40%
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Depending on the number of students, you will do one or more individual or group presentations.
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CLASSROOM POLICIES
1.Please come to class prepared and on time.
2.You are required to actively take part in discussions and hand in your assignments every week.
3.Please inform me in case of absence. You are still required to hand in your assignments.
4.Please refrain from using electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops during the class. Electronic dictionaries are an exception to this rule. Preparation is required to be done before class, not in class. During class, it is inappropriate to go outside to make calls,send/read text messages,buy drinks or food, or smoke. You are not allowed to make sound or video recordings or to take pictures in class.
5. Missing class more than 2 times automatically results in final grade F.
6. Plagiarism, even if not intentional, will not be accepted and will result in final grade F.
＜成績評価結果/Results of assessment＞
成績評価の見方について/Notes for assessment
| 登録者数 |
成績評価（%) |
評点
平均値 |
備考
|
| A |
B |
C |
D |
F |
他 |
| 30 |
53.3 |
23.3 |
6.7 |
0.0 |
16.7 |
0.0 |
3.0 |
* |
＜テキスト/Textbook＞
•Adachi, Nobuko (ed.) (2009) Japanese Diasporas: Unsung Pasts, Conflicting Presents and Uncertain Futures (Asia's Transformations). Routledge.
•Ansell, Amy E. (2013) Race and Ethnicity, The Key Concepts. Routledge.
•Arudou, Debito (2016) Embedded Racism: Japan’s Visible Minorities and Racial Discrimination. Lexington Books.
•Befu, Harumi (2001) Hegemony of Homogeneity: An Anthropological Analysis of Nihonjinron. Trans Pacific Press.
•Faier, Lieba (2009). Intimate Encounters: Filipina Women and the Remaking of Rural Japan. University of California Press.
•Fenton, Steve (2010). Ethnicity. Polity.
•Lie, John (2004). Multiethnic Japan. Harvard University Press.
•Maher, John C./Macdonald, Gaynor (eds.) (1995). Diversity in Japanese Culture and Language (Japanese Studies). Routledge.
•Meer, Nasar (2014). Key Concepts in Race and Ethnicity. SAGE.
•Sugimoto, Yoshio (2014). An Introduction to Japanese Society. Cambridge University Press.
•Tsuneyoshi, Ryoko/Okano, Kaori H./Boocock, Sarane Spence (eds.) (2011). Minorities and Education in Multicultural Japan: An interactive perspective. Routledge.
•Weiner, Michael (1997) Japan's Minorities: Illusion of Homogeneity. Routledge.
•Willis, David Blake/Murphy-Shigematsu, Stephen (eds.) (2008). Transcultural Japan: At the Borderlands of Race, Gender, and Identity. Routledge.
＜参考文献/Reference Book＞
•Anderson, Benedict (1983) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Verso.
•Aoyama, Kaoru (2009) Thai Migrant Sex Workers: From Modernization to Globalization. Palgrave Macmillan.
•Arudou, Debito (2004) Japanese Only: The Otaru Hot Springs Case and Racial Discrimination in Japan. Akashi Shoten.
•Bestor, Victoria Lyon/Bestor, Theodore C./Yamagata, Akiko (eds.) (2011). Routledge Handbook of Japanese Culture and Society. Routledge.
•Chapman, David (2008). Zainichi Korean Identity and Ethnicity (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series). Routledge.
•Chung, Erin Aeran (2010) Immigration & Citizenship in Japan. Cambridge University Press.
•Douglas, Mike/Roberts, Glenda (eds.) (2003) Japan and Global Migration: Foreign Workers and the Advent of a Multicultural Society. University of Hawai’i Press.
•Fitzhugh, William W./Dubreuil, Chisato O. (eds.) (1999) Ainu: Spirit of a Northern People. University of Washington Press.
•Goodman, Roger/Peach, Ceri/Takenaka, Ayumi/White, Paul (eds.) (2003) Global Japan, The Experience of Japan's New Immigrant and Overseas Communities. Routledge.
•Graburn, Nelson H. H./Ertl, John R./Tierney, Kenji (eds.) (2010) Multiculturalism in the New Japan: Crossing the Boundaries Within. Berghahn Books.
•Hankins, Joseph (2014) Working Skin: Making Leather, Making a Multicultural Japan. University of California Press.
•Hook, Glenn D./Siddle, Richard (eds.) (2013) Japan and Okinawa, Structure and Subjectivity. RoutledgeCurzon.
•Irish, Ann B. (2009) Hokkaido, A History of Ethnic Transition and Development on Japan’s Northern Islands. McFarland.
•Kayano, Shigeru (1994) Our Land was a Forest: An Ainu Memoir. Westview Press.
•Kerr, George (2000) Okinawa: The History of an Island People. Tuttle.
•Kingston, Jeff (ed.) (2014) Critical Issues in Contemporary Japan. Routledge.
•Lee, Soo Im/Murphy-Shigematsu, Stephen/Befu, Harumi (eds.) (2006) Japan’s Diversity Dilemmas: Ethnicity, Citizenship, and Education. iUniverse Inc..
•Lie, John (2008) Zainichi (Koreans in Japan) - Diasporic Nationalism and Postcolonial Identity. University of California Press.
•Lone, Steward (2001) The Japanese Community in Brazil, 1908-1940: Between Samurai and Carnival. Palgrave.
•Masterson, Daniel M./Funada-Classen, Sayaka (2004) The Japanese in Latin America. University of Illinois Press.
•McCormack, Gavan, Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (eds.) (2001) Multicultural Japan –Palaeolithic to Postmodern. Cambridge University Press,.
•McCormack, Gavan/Norimatsu Oka, Satoko (2012) Resistant Islands: Okinawa Confronts Japan and the United States. Rowman and Littlefield.
•Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (1998). Re-inventing Japan: Time, Space, Nation. Taylor & Francis.
•Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (2011) Borderline Japan, Foreigners and Frontier Controls in the Postwar Era. Cambridge University Press.
•Nakasone, Ronald Y. (2002), Okinawan Diaspora. University of Hawai’i Press.
•Oguma, Eiji (2002) A Genealogy of Japanese Self-Images. Trans Pacific Press.
•Rabson, Steve (2012) The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan: Crossing the Borders Within. University of Hawai’i Press.
•Roth, Joshua Hotoka (2002) Brokered Homeland: Japanese Brazilian Migrants in Japan. Cornell University Press.
•Ryang, Sonia (ed.) (2005) Koreans in Japan: Critical voices from the Margin. Routledge.
•Ryang, Sonia/Lie, John (eds.) (2009) Diaspora without Homeland: Being Korean in Japan. University of California Press.
•Shipper, Apichai (2008) Fighting for Foreigners - Immigration and its impact on Japanese Democracy. Cornell University Press.
•Shirahase, Sawako (2014). Social Inequality in Japan (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series). Routledge.
•Sugimoto, Yoshio (ed.) (2009) The Cambridge Companion to Modern Japanese Culture. Cambridge University Press.
•Surak, Kristin (2012) Making Tea, Making Japan: Cultural Nationalism in Practice. Stanford University Press.
•Tsuda Takeyuki (2003) Strangers in the Ethnic Homeland, Japanese Brazilian Return Migration in Transnational Perspective. Columbia University Press.
•Ueno, Chizuko (2004). Nationalism and Gender. Trans Pacific Press.
•Walker, Brett L. (2006) The Conquest of Ainu Lands, Ecology and Culture in Japanese Expansion 1590-1800. University of California Press.
•Yuval-Davis, Nira (1997). Gender and Nation. Sage Publications.
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